APPENDIX A

Table 1. Native fishes introduced outside their native range in the Southeast.

Family

Scientific Name

Common Name

AL

AR

FL

GA

KY

LA

MS

NC

SC

TN

PR

Pathway

Acipenseridae

Acipenser transmontanus

white sturgeon

I

AE

Amiidae

Amia calva

bowfin

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

N

N

S

Atherinidae

Menidia beryllina

inland silverside

N

N/I

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

S

Belonidae

Strongylura marina

Atlantic needlefish

N/I

N

N

N

N

N

N

I

Canal

Catostomidae

Carpiodes cyprinus

quillback

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

?

Catostomidae

Carpiodes velifer

highfin carpsucker

N

N

N

N

N

N

N/I

I

N

?

Catostomidae

Catostomus commersoni

white sucker

N

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

N

N

?

Catostomidae

Hypentelium etowanum

Alabama hog sucker

N

N

N

N/I

?

Catostomidae

Ictiobus bubalus

smallmouth buffalo

N

N

N

N

N

N

I

I

N

S?

Catostomidae

Ictiobus cyprinellus

bigmouth buffalo

N/I

N

N

N

N

I

N

S?

Catostomidae

Scartomyzon lachneri

greater jumprock

N

N/I

?

Catostomidae

Scartomyzon rupiscartes

striped jumprock

N

N/I?

N

?

Centrarchidae

Ambloplites cavifrons

Roanoke bass

N/I

S

Centrarchidae

Ambloplites constellatus

Ozark bass

N/I

S

Centrarchidae

Ambloplites rupestris

rock bass

N

I

N

N

N

N/I

N/I

N

S

Centrarchidae

Chaenobryttus gulosus

warmouth

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

N

N

I

S

Centrarchidae

Enneacanthus gloriosus

bluespotted sunfish

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

S

Centrarchidae

Lepomis auritus

redbreast sunfish

N/I

I

N

N/I

I

I

N/I

N

I

I

S

Centrarchidae

Lepomis cyanellus

green sunfish

N/I

N

I

I

N

N

N

N/I

I

N

S

Centrarchidae

Lepomis gibbosus

pumpkinseed

N/I

N/I

N

I

S

Centrarchidae

Lepomis humilis

orangespotted sunfish

N/I

N

I

I

N

N

N

N

S

Centrarchidae

Lepomis macrochirus

bluegill

N

N/I

N

N

N

N

N

N/I

N/I

N

I

S

Centrarchidae

Lepomis megalotis

longear sunfish

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

S

Centrarchidae

Lepomis microlophus

redear sunfish

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

N/I

N/I

I

S

Centrarchidae

Lepomis miniatus

redspotted sunfish

N

N

N/I?

N

N

N

S

Centrarchidae

Micropterus coosae

redeye bass

N

I

N/I

I

I

N

N/I

I

S

Centrarchidae

Micropterus dolomieu

smallmouth bass

N/I

N/I

N/I

N/I

N/I

N/I

I

N

S

Centrarchidae

Micropterus punctulatus

spotted bass

N/I

N

N/I

N/I

N/I

N

N

N/I

I

N/I

S

Centrarchidae

Micropterus salmoides

largemouth bass

N/I

N/I

N

N/I

N/I

N

N/I

N/I

N

N

I

S

Centrarchidae

Micropterus undescribed sp.

shoal bass

N

N

N/I

S

Centrarchidae

Pomoxis annularis

white crappie

N/I

N

I

N/I

N/I

N

N

N/I

I

N

S

Centrarchidae

Pomoxis nigromaculatus

black crappie

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

N

N

N

N

N

S

Characidae

Astyanax mexicanus

Mexican tetra

I

B

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum

Rio Grande cichlid

I

I

A

Clupeidae

Alosa aestivalis

blueback herring

N

N

N/I

N

S

Clupeidae

Alosa pseudoharengus

alewife

I

I

N

N

I

S

Clupeidae

Alosa sapidissima

American shad

I

I

N

N/I

I

I

I

N/I

N

S

Clupeidae

Dorosoma cepedianum

gizzard shad

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

N

N

N

S

Clupeidae

Dorosoma petenense

threadfin shad

N/I

N/I

N

N/I

N/I

N

N

I

I

N/I

I

S

Cottidae

Cottus bairdi

mottled sculpin

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

?

Cyprinidae

Campostoma anomalum

central stoneroller

N

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Campostoma oligolepis

largescale stoneroller

N/I

N

N

N

N

N?

N?

B

Cyprinidae

Cyprinella galactura

whitetail shiner

N

N

N

N/I

N

N/I

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Cyprinella lutrensis

red shiner

I

N

I

N

N

N

I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Cyprinella pyrrhomelas

fieryblack shiner

N

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Cyprinella venusta

blacktail shiner

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

N

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Hybognathus hankinsoni

brassy minnow

I

B

Cyprinidae

Hybopsis winchelli

clear chub

N

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Luxilus albeolus

white shiner

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Luxilus cerasinus

crescent shiner

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Luxilus chrysocephalus

striped shiner

N/I

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Luxilus coccogenis

warpaint shiner

N

N

N/I

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Luxilus zonistius

bandfin shiner

N/I

N

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Lythrurus ardens

rosefin shiner

N/I

N

N

N

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Lythrurus atrapiculus

blacktip shiner

N/I

N

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Nocomis biguttatus

hornyhead chub

N

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Nocomis leptocephalus

bluehead chub

N/I

N

N

N

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Nocomis micropogon

river chub

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Nocomis raneyi

bull chub

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Notemigonus crysoleucas

golden shiner

N

N/I

N/I

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

N

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis amoenus

comely shiner

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis baileyi

rough shiner

N/I

I

I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis bifrenatus

bridle shiner

I

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis buccatus

silverjaw minnow

N

N/I

N

N

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis chiliticus

redlip shiner

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis chrosomus

rainbow shiner

N/I

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis harperi

redeye chub

N

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis hudsonius

spottail shiner

N/I

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis hypsilepis

highscale shiner

N

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis leuciodus

Tennessee shiner

N

N/I

N

N/I

I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis longirostris

longnose minnow

N

N

N/I

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis lutipinnis

yellowfin shiner

N/I

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis ozarcanus

Ozark shiner

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis potteri

chub shiner

I

I

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis procne

swallowtail shiner

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis rubricroceus

saffron shiner

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis shumardi

silverband shiner

N

N

N/I

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis spectrunculus

mirror shiner

N

N/I

I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis telescopus

telescope shiner

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis texanus

weed shiner

N/I

N

N

N/I

N

N

N

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Notropis xaenocephalus

Coosa shiner

N

N/I

N

B

Cyprinidae

Phoxinus oreas

mountain redbelly dace

N/I

B

Cyprinidae

Pimephales notatus

bluntnose minnow

N

N

I

N

N

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Pimephales promelas

fathead minnow

N/I

N/I

I

N/I

N/I

N/I

N/I

N/I

N/I

I

B

Cyprinidae

Rhinichthys atratulus

blacknose dace

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

B

Cyprinidae

Rhinichthys cataractae

longnose dace

N

N/I

N

N

N

B

Cyprinodontidae

Jordanella floridae

flagfish

N/I

I

?

Esocidae

Esox lucius

northern pike

I

I

I

I

I

S

Esocidae

Esox masquinongy

muskellunge

I

I

N/I

N/I

N/I

I

N/I

S

Esocidae

Esox niger

chain pickerel

N

N/I

N/I

N

N/I

N

N

N

N

N

S

Fundulidae

Fundulus catenatus

northern studfish

N

N

N/I

N

N

N

B

Fundulidae

Fundulus lineolatus

lined topminnow

N/I

N

N

N

B

Fundulidae

Fundulus seminolis

Seminole killifish

N/I

B

Fundulidae

Fundulus stellifer

southern studfish

N

N/I

N

B

Fundulidae

Lucania goodei

bluefin killifish

N

N

N

I

I

?

Gasterosteidae

Culaea inconstans

brook stickleback

I

I

I

B

Ictaluridae

Ameiurus brunneus

snail bullhead

N

N

N/I

N/I

N

S

Ictaluridae

Ameiurus catus

white catfish

N/I

I

N/I

N

I

N/I

N/I

N

I

I

S

Ictaluridae

Ameiurus melas

black bullhead

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

N

N/I

N

S

Ictaluridae

Ameiurus nebulosus

brown bullhead

N/I

N/I

N

N

N/I

N/I

N

N

N

N

I

S

Ictaluridae

Ameiurus platycephalus

flat bullhead

N/I

N/I

N

S

Ictaluridae

Ictalurus furcatus

blue catfish

N/I

N/I

I

I

N

N

N

N/I

I

N

S

Ictaluridae

Ictalurus punctatus

channel catfish

N

N/I

N

N/I

N

N

N

N/I

N/I

N

I

S

Ictaluridae

Noturus exilis

slender madtom

N

N/I

N

N

N

B

Ictaluridae

Noturus insignis

margined madtom

N

N/I

N

I

S

Ictaluridae

Pylodictis olivaris

flathead catfish

N

N

I

N/I

N

N

N

N/I

I

N

S

Moronidae

Morone chrysops

white bass

N/I

N/I

I

I

N/I

N/I

N/I

I

I

N/I

I

S

Moronidae

Morone mississippiensis

yellow bass

N/I

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

S

Moronidae

Morone saxatilis

striped bass

N/I

I

N/I

N/I

I

N/I

N/I

N/I

N/I

I

S

Osmeridae

Osmerus mordax

rainbow smelt

I

I

I

I

I

I

S

Percidae

Ammocrypta bifascia

Florida sand darter

N

N/I

B

Percidae

Etheostoma edwini

brown darter

N

N/I

N

B

Percidae

Etheostoma fusiforme

swamp darter

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

N

?

Percidae

Etheostoma nuchale

watercress darter

N/I

S

Percidae

Etheostoma olmstedi

tessellated darter

N

N

N/I

N

B

Percidae

Etheostoma zonale

banded darter

N

N

N/I

N

N

I

N

B

Percidae

Perca flavescens

yellow perch

I

I

I

I

I

I

N/I

N/I

I

S

Percidae

Percina tanasi

snail darter

N

N

N/I

S

Percidae

Stizostedion canadense

sauger

N/I

N/I

I

N/I

N

N/I

N/I

N/I

I

N

S

Percidae

Stizostedion vitreum

walleye

N/I

N/I

N/I

N/I

I

N/I

N/I

I

N/I

S

Poeciliidae

Gambusia affinis

western mosquitofish

N/I

N

N/I

N

N/I

N

N/I

N/I

N

N/I

I

S

Poeciliidae

Gambusia holbrooki

eastern mosquitofish

N/I

N

N

N/I

N

N

N/I

S

Poeciliidae

Heterandria formosa

least killifish

N

N

N

N

N

N/I

N

?

Polydontidae

Polydon spathula

paddlefish

N

N

I

I

N

N

N

N

AE

Salmonidae

Coregonus artedi

cisco

I

S

Salmonidae

Oncorhynchus clarki

cutthroat trout

I

I

S

Salmonidae

Oncorhynchus kisutch

coho salmon

I

I

S

Salmonidae

Oncorhynchus mykiss

rainbow trout

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

S

Salmonidae

Oncorhynchus nerka

kokanee

I

I

S

Salmonidae

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

chinook salmon

I

S

Salmonidae

Salmo salar

Atlantic salmon

I

I

I

I

I

S

Salmonidae

Salvelinus fontinalis

brook trout

I

I

N/I

I

N/I

N/I

N/I

S

Salmonidae

Salvelinus namaycush

lake trout

I

I

I

S

Exotics (from table 2)

13

11

92

14

12

13

7

10

8

10

15

I

6

13

13

14

15

7

4

14

20

19

14

N/I

27

18

13

34

25

6

11

59

10

17

0

Total

46

42

118

62

52

26

22

83

38

46

29

* Explanation of designations:

N - native to the state (or to a portion of the state)

I - introduced to the state (or to a portion of the state)

N/I - native to part of the state and introduced to a non-native area of the state

N?/I? - not clear if native or introduced to the state

N/I? - native and possibly introduced

Pathway designations

S - Stocked (legally, illegally, or stock contamination)

A - Aquarium release or escape from tropical fish farm

B - Bait release

AE - Aquaculture escape

? - Unknown

Table 2. Exotic fishes introduced into the Southeast.

Family

Scientific Name

Common Name

AL

AR

FL

GA

KY

LA

MS

NC

SC

TN

PR

Pathway

Anabantidae

Anabas testudineus

climbing perch

X

A

Anabantidae

Ctenopoma nigropanosum

twospot climbing perch

X

A

Anostomidae

Leporinus fasciatus

banded leporinus

R

A

Belontiidae

Betta splendens

Siamese fighting fish

X*

A

Belontiidae

Colisa labiosa

thicklipped gourami

R

A

Belontiidae

Colisa lalia

dwarf gourami

R*

A

Belontiidae

Macropodus opercularis

paradisefish

R*

R*

A

Belontiidae

Trichogaster leerii

pearl gourami

R

A

Belontiidae

Trichogaster trichopterus

blue gourami

R*

A

Belontiidae

Trichopsis vittata

croaking gourami

E*

A

Callichthyidae

Callichthys callichthys

cascarudo

R

A

Callichthyidae

Corydoras sp.

corydoras

R

A

Callichthyidae

Hoplosternum littorale

brown hoplo

E*

A

Characidae

Aphyocharax anisitsi

bloodfin tetra

R*

A

Characidae

Colossoma macropomum (?)

tambaquí

R*

A

Characidae

Colossoma/Piaractus sp. (?)

unidentified pacu

R

R

R

R

R

R

A

Characidae

Gymnocorymbus ternetzi

black tetra

R*

A

Characidae

Hyphessobrycon serpae

serpae tetra

R

A

Characidae

Metynnis sp. (?)

metynnis

R

R?

A

Characidae

Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae

redeye tetra

R*

A

Characidae

Piaractus brachypomus

pirapatinga

R*

R

R*

R*

R*

R*

R

A

Characidae

Piaractus mesopotamicus (?)

small-scaled pacu

R?

A

Characidae

Pygocentrus nattereri

red piranha

R*

A

Characidae

Pygocentrus/Serrasalmus sp. (?)

unidentified piranha

R

R

A

Characidae

Serrasalmus rhombeus

redeye piranha

X*

A

Cichlidae

Aequidens pulcher (?)

blue acara

X?

A

Cichlidae

Astronotus ocellatus

oscar

E*

R

R

R*

E

A

Cichlidae

Cichla ocellaris (?)

peacock cichlid

E*

E

S

Cichlidae

Cichla temensis

speckled pavon

R

S

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma bimaculatum

black acara

E*

A

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma citrinellum

Midas cichlid

E*

A

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma managuense

jaguar guapote

E*

A

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma meeki

firemouth cichlid

E*

A

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum

convict cichlid

X?

A

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma octofasciatum

Jack Dempsey

E*

A

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma salvini

yellowbelly cichlid

E*

A

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma trimaculatum

threespot cichlid

X*

A

Cichlidae

Cichlasoma urophthalmus

Mayan cichlid

E*

A

Cichlidae

Geophagus brasiliensis (?)

pearl eartheater

R?

A

Cichlidae

Geophagus surinamensis (?)

redstriped eartheater

E*

A

Cichlidae

Hemichromis letourneauxi

jewelfish

E*

A

Cichlidae

Heros severus

banded cichlid

E*

A